North-West Rebellion
1885
By James McIntyre
Hail Canada our young fair land,
The world's respect it doth command;
How quick her sons at war's alarms
Sprang to her rescue with their arms.
In Canada the English rose,
The shamrock and the thistle grows,
United garland they combine
Around the maple tree to twine.
They did march a brave gallant host
From the far East Atlantic coast,
Our Canada so proud and free,
Four thousand miles from sea to sea.
Though skilful rebels did entrench,
But their deadly fires our boys did quench,
And victory it soon was won
By our General Middleton.
And Colonel Williams left a name
For Canada's temple of fame,
A kind and a brave hearted man
In hour of danger led the van.
The ninetieth regiment it fought well,
And Winnipeg doth its glories tell,
London boasts of her volunteers,
For she prides in her Fusiliers.
Toronto troops have gained renown,
And triumph their quick march did crown,
For the relief of Battleford,
And scattering of the Indian horde.
Our volunteers took up their arms,
Each left his home and all its charms;
Though many they were tender reared,
No frost nor snow nor foe they feared.
Alas that youth so true and brave,
So many now do fill a grave,
And others they are maimed for life,
While engaged in glorious strife.
We have sprung from a good brave stock,
Rose, thistle and the shamrock,
Who all in unity agree,
'Neath the shade of the maple tree.
The Indians soon came to grief,
Under their great Poundmaker chief,
And Toronto troops gained fame
And Otter glory to his name.
We all felt proud of our gunboat
And the brave crew of the Northcote,
And of our scouts who captured Riel,
Who in vain for mercy did appeal.
And may all quickly come to grief
Who do not love the maple leaf,
For they spring from a noble tree,
Shades this land of the brave and free.
Poem Analysis:
James McIntyre's poem "North-West Rebellion" reflects on the historical event of the North-West Rebellion of 1885, an uprising led by Métis and Indigenous peoples against the Canadian government. Through a blend of patriotic fervor, historical reference, and a celebration of unity, McIntyre crafts a work that honors Canadian valor while reinforcing national identity.
Structure and Form
The poem consists of a series of rhymed quatrains, a structure that lends itself well to the song-like quality of McIntyre’s writing. The consistent rhythm and rhyme scheme evoke a sense of celebration and urgency, mirroring the spirit of the soldiers who rushed to defend their homeland. This form also facilitates an easy reading experience, enhancing the poem’s accessibility and emotive power.
Themes of Patriotism and Unity
From the outset, McIntyre establishes a strong sense of national pride with the opening lines, "Hail Canada our young fair land." He personifies Canada as a respected entity, suggesting that it commands the attention of the world. This theme of patriotism runs throughout the poem, as McIntyre highlights the courage of Canadians who "sprang to her rescue with their arms" when called upon.
The imagery of the "English rose," "shamrock," and "thistle" entwined around the maple tree symbolizes unity among diverse cultures within Canada. This amalgamation of symbols illustrates the collective identity that is crucial to the Canadian spirit, particularly in the face of adversity. By emphasizing the shared identity and heritage of English, Irish, and Scottish Canadians, McIntyre conveys a vision of harmony among different groups.
Historical Context
The poem references historical figures and events that played significant roles during the rebellion. General Middleton and Colonel Williams are celebrated for their leadership, while the mention of the ninetieth regiment highlights the contributions of specific military units. This inclusion of historical detail grounds the poem in a real struggle, elevating the narrative from mere glorification to a tribute that acknowledges the sacrifices made.
McIntyre does not shy away from the consequences of war, reflecting on the loss of life and the toll taken on young soldiers. The lines "Alas that youth so true and brave / So many now do fill a grave" reveal a somber acknowledgment of the costs of conflict. This duality of pride and mourning adds emotional depth to the poem, demonstrating McIntyre’s nuanced understanding of the complexities of war.
Symbolism and Imagery
The recurring motifs of nature, particularly the maple tree, serve as powerful symbols of Canadian identity and resilience. The maple tree represents strength and endurance, grounding the Canadian spirit in its natural landscape. McIntyre's use of phrases like "the shade of the maple tree" suggests a protective and nurturing quality, emphasizing the importance of community and shared values in overcoming adversity.
The "brave hearted" soldiers and their willingness to fight under the flag of the maple leaf evoke a sense of collective duty and honor. This imagery encourages readers to envision themselves as part of a larger narrative, one that values bravery, sacrifice, and national pride.
"North-West Rebellion" by James McIntyre is a multifaceted poem that celebrates Canadian valor while grappling with the realities of conflict. Through its vivid imagery, historical references, and themes of unity and patriotism, the poem creates a rich tapestry that honors those who fought for Canada. McIntyre's work serves not only as a remembrance of a pivotal moment in Canadian history but also as an affirmation of national identity, resilience, and the spirit of community that continues to define Canada.